Odor emissions during the fermentation process in organic fertilizer production lines have long been a major headache. However, several practical measures can effectively address this issue.

Optimizing Fermentation Conditions

1. Control temperature and humidity: Proper temperature (50–65°C) and humidity (50–60%) are critical. High temperatures increase ammonia release, while balanced humidity helps minimize ammonia escape. Install sensors for real-time monitoring.
2. Adjust ventilation: Manage airflow based on material volume and fermentation stage. Reduce ventilation early in the organic fertilizer production line process and gradually increase it later to prevent excess ammonia from being carried away.

Adjusting Material Formulation

1. Balance carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio: Maintain a C/N ratio of 25–35. A low ratio (excess nitrogen) leads to ammonia release. Add carbon-rich materials like straw to balance it.
2. Use inhibitors: Add acidic substances (such asphosphoric or sulfuric acid) to react with ammonia and trap it in the material. Avoid overuse to protect fermentation efficiency.

Upgrading Fermentation Equipment

1. Sealed systems: Use airtight equipment to limit leaks. Install ammonia recovery units to capture and reuse ammonia for nitrogen-rich products.
2. Odor treatment: Install biofiltration towers (using microbes to break down odors) or activated carbon filters (adsorbing odor molecules) in fermentation areas.

By combining these strategies, organic fertilizer production lines can effectively reduce odor emissions, protect the environment, and improve both community relations and economic outcomes.